Is the US-led Western Partnership Unravelling? Consequences for Global Order and Impact on Pakistan

The Centre for Aerospace and Security Studies (CASS), Lahore, organised a seminar on the theme “Is the US-led Western Partnership Unravelling? Consequences for Global Order and Impact on Pakistan” on 30 April 2025.

 

In his opening remarks, Ambassador Muhammad Haroon Shaukat (Retd), Director, CASS Lahore, reflected on the growing strains within the US-led West. The international trading system is characterised by rising uncertainty and protectionism alongside deepening tensions between the US and its traditional partners. He observed that the transatlantic security relationship, the raison d’etre of NATO, was increasingly under stress, with the European Union seeking greater strategic autonomy. These geopolitical rifts could have far-reaching consequences for the international system. Pakistan must adjust to these shifting dynamics by strengthening self-reliance and building a strong economy.

 

The keynote speaker Ambassador Javid Husain, highlighted the erosion of the liberal international order. The emerging multipolar world is marked by strategic disorder, weakened multilateral institutions, and dominance of power and realpolitik over international legal norms. The rise of China as a formidable economic and strategic power, alongside a re-assertive Russia, has diluted Western dominance and exposed the limitations of the so-called “rules-based” order. Under President Trump, the United States has drifted towards unilateralism, protectionism, and transactional diplomacy. These changes have not only strained transatlantic alliances but have also led European powers to reconsider their strategic autonomy amid diminishing American reliability. He, however, noted that given the deep-rooted nature of US-Europe ties, it is premature to conclude that the Western partnership is unravelling. In the new power-driven era, globalisation could give way to economic fragmentation, at the expense of global free trade. Considering the Indo-US strategic partnership, Pakistan must redouble its efforts to enhance its strategic, political, security, and economic ties with China. Strengthening national power, through economic resilience, technological innovation, and scientific advancement, must lie at the heart of Pakistan’s long-term strategy.

 

Dr Rizwan Naseer highlighted the growing strains in US-EU security relations and their wider implications, particularly for countries like Pakistan. He explained how President Trump’s unpredictable leadership and transactional approach to diplomacy have weakened traditional multilateral alliances. America’s commitment to democracy, free markets, and human rights appears to have been reversed. President Trump’s tariff policies run counter to the very essence of free trade, embracing protectionism. Dr Rizwan advocated balanced diplomacy for Pakistan, strengthening ties not only with China and the US but also with regional powers, including Iran and Saudi Arabia. He encouraged Pakistan to build a stronger global image through effective strategic communication, research and development, and targeted economic diplomacy.

 

Mr Shahid Najam discussed the fragmentation of traditional alliances and differing US-EU approaches, which have weakened multilateralism and created vulnerabilities for developing nations like Pakistan. He stressed that never in recent history had the world experienced a situation as tumultuous as the present one. This could have disastrous implications for the development sector globally, and countries like Pakistan that suffer from fragile market intelligence and market access. He felt that international aid flows would decline and rued missed trade opportunities, particularly with the Middle East. Mr Najam advocated targeted skills development for Pakistan’s youth, aligning the workforce with global market needs, especially in emerging fields like artificial intelligence.

 

In his concluding remarks, the President of CASS, Air Marshal Asim Suleiman (Retd), underscored a critical turning point in world affairs, observing that the traditional markers that once shaped global politics, trade, and security are shifting. The old-world order is disintegrating, making way for a more divided and uncertain global reality. The harmony within transatlantic relations is fading. While the growing rifts among Western powers may weaken old alliances and create gaps in global leadership, they also present opportunities for those with vision and agility. For Pakistan, this moment could offer a rare and valuable chance to redefine its global position. A more autonomous Europe opens new avenues in defence, technology, and sustainable development. Pakistan must adopt a balanced approach involving engagement, deterrence, and strategic independence. He advocated a multi-vector approach, breaking free from dependency traps, implementing comprehensive reforms, strengthening ties with emerging powers, and recalibrating engagements with North America and Europe. The current global disorder is not merely a threat, but also an opportunity—a ladder for Pakistan to climb. In his vote of thanks, the President deeply appreciated the valuable contributions of distinguished guest speakers.