NEIGHBOURHOOD DIPLOMACY: PAKISTAN-IRAN RELATIONS IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

The research first establishes the importance of neighbourhood diplomacy. In that context, the research examines the trajectory of Pakistan-Iran relations, analysing their historical progression, contemporary challenges, and potential for future cooperation. The two countries enjoy common and strong bonds of religion, history, and culture. However, influenced by global geopolitics, regional dynamics, and internal factors, this relationship has had a chequered history, marked by periods of alignment and divergence. The research traces different periods and turning points in the history of their bilateral relationship. It delves into the contemporary challenges, including the US sanctions, sectarian pressures, and border security issues. The paper also explores opportunities for addressing the varied challenges and unlocking the potential of deeper cooperation, albeit within continuing constraints, especially through economic initiatives and leveraging regional cooperation frameworks. The study concludes with policy recommendations for further cementing relations with Iran.